The History of using multiple vessels for cooling in the smelting process to create cast iron and steel
The use of multiple vessels for cooling in the smelting process has a long history, dating back to the Roman era. At this time, there were many different types of furnaces that could be used for smelting. One of them was a bell-shaped furnace, which was made of clay or brick and was capped with an iron lid
Bell-shaped furnaces were used for coke production and for melting iron ore into bloom (melted bloom) ore that could then be further refined into wrought iron by a blast furnace. Bell-shaped furnaces also served as crucibles in which molten metals were melted down into ingots or slabs. This type of furnace had one outlet tube through which air could flow out while air inside the furnace would circulate around its walls due to convection currents created by hot gases rising up from below through the chimney flue
what to use in a forge to liquid the metal
